Jupyter Notebook と NumPy と pandas を個別にインストールしていたのですが、まとめて使いたいので SciPy をインストールしようと思いました。
環境
- Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
- Pipenv 2018.05.18
- Jupyter Notebook 5.2.0
- Matplotlib 2.2.2
- NumPy 1.14.4
- pandas 0.23.0
- SciPy 1.1.0
SciPy
You can install packages via commands such as:
python -m pip install --user numpy scipy matplotlib ipython jupyter pandas sympy nose
これを見ると、結局個別にインストールするのと変わらず、 pip でそれぞれインストールしてあげればいいみたいでした。
SciPy のトップのページを見ると、次のパッケージが主なものになっているようです。
- NumPy
- SciPy Libraly
- Matplotlib
- IPython
- Sympy
- pandas
pandas をインストールすると依存する NumPy も一緒にインストールされるのですけれども。
nose は知らなかったのですが、 Python のロギングに関するパッケージのようでした。
中途半端に Jupyter Notebook と pandas だけインストールしておくよりも、 SciPy まとめてインストールしておいた方がわかりやすいかなと思います。
install
以前、 Pipenv の環境を作ったので、 Pipenv でインストールしてみます。
$ pipenv install numpy scipy matplotlib ipython jupyter pandas sympy nose
Creating a virtualenv for this project…
Using /usr/bin/python3 (3.6.5) to create virtualenv…
⠋Already using interpreter /usr/bin/python3
Using base prefix '/usr'
New python executable in /home/user/.local/share/virtualenvs/scipy-aTjO8tFO/bin/python3
Also creating executable in /home/user/.local/share/virtualenvs/scipy-aTjO8tFO/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
Virtualenv location: /home/user/.local/share/virtualenvs/scipy-aTjO8tFO
Creating a Pipfile for this project… Installing numpy…
Collecting numpy
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4b/3d/9c0a34ad8544abef864714840fb8954d630b04433f00881bc8fde7b2ab27/numpy-1.14.4-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (12.2MB)
Installing collected packages: numpy
Successfully installed numpy-1.14.4
Adding numpy to Pipfile's [packages]…
Installing scipy…
Collecting scipy
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a8/0b/f163da98d3a01b3e0ef1cab8dd2123c34aee2bafbb1c5bffa354cc8a1730/scipy-1.1.0-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (31.2MB)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.8.2 in /home/user/.local/share/virtualenvs/scipy-aTjO8tFO/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from scipy) (1.14.4)
Installing collected packages: scipy
Successfully installed scipy-1.1.0
Adding scipy to Pipfile's [packages]…
Installing matplotlib…
Collecting matplotlib
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/49/b8/89dbd27f2fb171ce753bb56220d4d4f6dbc5fe32b95d8edc4415782ef07f/matplotlib-2.2.2-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (12.6MB)
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Installing collected packages: kiwisolver, pytz, six, cycler, python-dateutil, pyparsing, matplotlib
Successfully installed cycler-0.10.0 kiwisolver-1.0.1 matplotlib-2.2.2 pyparsing-2.2.0 python-dateutil-2.7.3 pytz-2018.4 six-1.11.0
Adding matplotlib to Pipfile's [packages]…
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Building wheels for collected packages: backcall, simplegeneric
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Stored in directory: /home/user/.cache/pip/wheels/98/b0/dd/29e28ff615af3dda4c67cab719dd51357597eabff926976b45
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Installing collected packages: pygments, backcall, ptyprocess, pexpect, simplegeneric, wcwidth, prompt-toolkit, pickleshare, decorator, ipython-genutils, traitlets, parso, jedi, ipython
Successfully installed backcall-0.1.0 decorator-4.3.0 ipython-6.4.0 ipython-genutils-0.2.0 jedi-0.12.0 parso-0.2.1 pexpect-4.6.0 pickleshare-0.7.4 prompt-toolkit-1.0.15 ptyprocess-0.5.2 pygments-2.2.0 simplegeneric-0.8.1 traitlets-4.3.2 wcwidth-0.1.7
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Stored in directory: /home/user/.cache/pip/wheels/33/56/20/ebe49a5c612fffe1c5a632146b16596f9e64676768661e4e46
Successfully built pandocfilters tornado MarkupSafe
Installing collected packages: pyzmq, jupyter-core, tornado, jupyter-client, ipykernel, jupyter-console, jsonschema, nbformat, terminado, MarkupSafe, jinja2, entrypoints, mistune, testpath, pandocfilters, webencodings, html5lib, bleach, nbconvert, Send2Trash, notebook, widgetsnbextension, ipywidgets, qtconsole, jupyter
Successfully installed MarkupSafe-1.0 Send2Trash-1.5.0 bleach-2.1.3 entrypoints-0.2.3 html5lib-1.0.1 ipykernel-4.8.2 ipywidgets-7.2.1 jinja2-2.10 jsonschema-2.6.0 jupyter-1.0.0 jupyter-client-5.2.3 jupyter-console-5.2.0 jupyter-core-4.4.0 mistune-0.8.3 nbconvert-5.3.1 nbformat-4.4.0 notebook-5.5.0 pandocfilters-1.4.2 pyzmq-17.0.0 qtconsole-4.3.1 terminado-0.8.1 testpath-0.3.1 tornado-5.0.2 webencodings-0.5.1 widgetsnbextension-3.2.1
Adding jupyter to Pipfile's [packages]…
Installing pandas…
Collecting pandas
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/69/ec/8ff0800b8594691759b78a42ccd616f81e7099ee47b167eb9bbd502c02b9/pandas-0.23.0-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (11.7MB)
Requirement already satisfied: pytz>=2011k in /home/user/.local/share/virtualenvs/scipy-aTjO8tFO/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from pandas) (2018.4)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.5.0 in /home/user/.local/share/virtualenvs/scipy-aTjO8tFO/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from pandas) (2.7.3)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.9.0 in /home/user/.local/share/virtualenvs/scipy-aTjO8tFO/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from pandas) (1.14.4)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in /home/user/.local/share/virtualenvs/scipy-aTjO8tFO/lib/python3.6/site-packages (from python-dateutil>=2.5.0->pandas) (1.11.0)
Installing collected packages: pandas
Successfully installed pandas-0.23.0
Adding pandas to Pipfile's [packages]…
Installing sympy…
Collecting sympy
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/91/26/4e477dbd1f9260eb743d9f221af3044648a8fb2fcf3f2f23daee4dc831a4/sympy-1.1.1.tar.gz (4.6MB)
Collecting mpmath>=0.19 (from sympy)
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7a/05/b3d1472885d8dc0606936ea5da0ccb1b4785682e78ab15e34ada24aea8d5/mpmath-1.0.0.tar.gz (511kB)
Building wheels for collected packages: sympy, mpmath
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for sympy: started
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for sympy: finished with status 'done'
Stored in directory: /home/user/.cache/pip/wheels/6d/47/7c/40a7cd9b9bd5bad329fcd21d8e50629700fcc6e5520a66a2de
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for mpmath: started
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for mpmath: finished with status 'done'
Stored in directory: /home/user/.cache/pip/wheels/33/15/0f/9ca5f2ad88a5456803098daa189f382408a81556aa209e97ff
Successfully built sympy mpmath
Installing collected packages: mpmath, sympy
Successfully installed mpmath-1.0.0 sympy-1.1.1
Adding sympy to Pipfile's [packages]…
Installing nose…
Collecting nose
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/15/d8/dd071918c040f50fa1cf80da16423af51ff8ce4a0f2399b7bf8de45ac3d9/nose-1.3.7-py3-none-any.whl (154kB)
Installing collected packages: nose
Successfully installed nose-1.3.7
Adding nose to Pipfile's [packages]…
Pipfile.lock not found, creating…
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies…
Locking [packages] dependencies…
Updated Pipfile.lock (984317)!
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (984317)…
🐍 ▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉ 52/52 — 00:00:19
To activate this project's virtualenv, run the following:
$ pipenv shell
Locking [packages] dependencies… (下から 6 行目)が表示されたのが開始から 6 分程度でした。
そこからまた時間がかかって、 $ pipenv shell (一番下)が表示されたのが開始から 17 分 45 秒程度でした。
$ ls -l
total 28
-rw-rw-rw- 1 user user 243 Jun 10 14:35 Pipfile
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user 26577 Jun 10 14:47 Pipfile.lock
そんなに大きくないみたいですけれども。
Jupyter Notebook
確認のために Jupyter Notebook を起動してみます。
$ pipenv run jupyter notebook --no-browser &
WSL の Ubuntu だとブラウザーがないので --no-browser のオプションをつけてブラウザーを起動しないようにしています。
それから、プロンプトが戻ってきてほしいので、 & をつけてバックグラウンドで実行しています。
[1] 555
[I 14:52:52.291 NotebookApp] Writing notebook server cookie secret to /home/user/.local/share/jupyter/runtime/notebook_cookie_secret
[I 14:52:52.979 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /home/user/scipy
[I 14:52:52.980 NotebookApp] 0 active kernels
[I 14:52:52.980 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at:
[I 14:52:52.981 NotebookApp] http://localhost:8888/?token=6f81ff1fae3aa523861284ae7a84bbf0f0b594c444e7943b
[I 14:52:52.981 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
[C 14:52:52.983 NotebookApp]
Copy/paste this URL into your browser when you connect for the first time,
to login with a token:
http://localhost:8888/?token=6f81ff1fae3aa523861284ae7a84bbf0f0b594c444e7943b&token=6f81ff1fae3aa523861284ae7a84bbf0f0b594c444e7943b
起動できたみたいです。
NumPy, pandas, Matplotlib
Jupyter Notebook で NumPy と pandas と Matplotlib を使ってみます。
matplotlib のマジックコマンドとモジュールを読み込みました。
%matplotlib inline
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
以前、最大ドローダウンを計算したときのサンプルのデータを作りました。
s = pd.Series(np.random.randn(1000))
s2 = s.cumsum()
s3 = s2.cummax()
グラフを表示してみました。
plt.plot(s2, label='cumsum')
plt.plot(s3, label='cummax')
plt.legend(loc='best')
plt.show()
結果です。
最大ドローダウンを表示してみました。
(s3 - s2).max()
結果です。
46.51264733206409
終わり
Pipenv の遅さが気になりました。 10 分以上もかかるなんて。 こういうものかな。